CNC machining

Traditional mechanical processing is carried out manually using ordinary machine tools. During processing, the mechanical cutting tools are shaken by hand to cut metal, and the accuracy of the product is measured by the eyes using tools such as calipers. Modern industry has long used computer-controlled machine tools for operations, and CNC machine tools can automatically process any product and component according to the program pre programmed by technicians. This is what we call "CNC machining". CNC machining is widely used in any field of mechanical processing, and it is also an important and necessary technological means for the development trend of mold processing. What is CNC technology?
Computer digital control, abbreviated as numerical control. It is a method of using digital information to control the motion and machining process of machine tools. A machine tool that implements machining control using CNC technology, or a machine tool equipped with a CNC system, is called a CNC (Numerical Control) machine tool.
The numerical control system includes: numerical control device, programmable controller, spindle driver, and feed device. Numerical control machine tool is a highly integrated product of machine, electricity, fluid, gas, and light. To achieve control of the machine tool, it is necessary to use geometric information to describe the relative motion between the tool and the workpiece, as well as process information to describe some process parameters that the machine tool must have for processing.
For example: feed rate, spindle speed, spindle forward and reverse rotation, tool change, coolant switch, etc. These information are stored in a certain format as machining files (i.e., normal CNC machining programs) on information carriers (such as magnetic disks, perforated paper tapes, magnetic tapes, etc.), and then read in by the CNC system on the machine tool (or directly input through the keyboard of the CNC system, or input through communication). Through decoding, the machine tool moves and processes parts. Modern CNC machine tools are typical products of mechatronics integration and are the technical foundation of the new generation of production technology, computer integrated manufacturing systems, etc.
The development trend of modern CNC machine tools is high-speed, high-precision, high reliability, multifunctional, composite, intelligent, and open structure. The main development trend is to develop intelligent and fully functional universal CNC devices with open structures in both software and hardware.
Numerical control technology is the foundation of mechanical processing automation and the core technology of CNC machine tools. Its level is related to the national strategic position and the level of comprehensive national strength It has developed with the development of information technology, microelectronics technology, automation technology, and detection technology. A CNC machining center is a type of CNC machine tool with a tool library that can automatically replace cutting tools and perform various machining operations on workpieces within a certain range.
The characteristic of machining parts on a machining center is that after the workpiece is clamped once, the CNC system can control the machine tool to automatically select and replace cutting tools according to different processes; Automatically change the spindle speed, feed rate, and the relative motion trajectory of the tool to the workpiece, as well as other auxiliary functions, to continuously perform multi process machining on various machining surfaces of the workpiece, such as drilling, countersinking, reaming, boring, threading, milling, etc.
Due to the centralized and automatic completion of multiple processes by the machining center, human operational errors are avoided, and the time for workpiece clamping, measurement, and machine tool adjustment, as well as workpiece turnover, handling, and storage, are reduced. This greatly improves machining efficiency and accuracy, resulting in good economic benefits. Machining centers can be divided into vertical machining centers and horizontal machining centers based on the position of the spindle in space.
Numerical control technology and equipment are the enabling technologies and basic equipment for the development of emerging high-tech industries and cutting-edge industries. CNC technology is widely used in defense industries such as information, biotechnology, aviation, and aerospace around the world to improve manufacturing capabilities and levels, enhance market adaptability and competitiveness.